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Gyeongwon Line

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Gyeongwon Line
Overview
Native name경원선 (京元線)
StatusOperational
OwnerKorea Rail Network Authority
LocaleSeoul
Gyeonggi
Gangwon
Termini
Stations37
Service
TypeHeavy rail, Passenger/Freight
Regional rail, Commuter rail
Operator(s)Korail
History
OpenedStages between 1911 and 1914
Technical
Line length94.4 km (58.7 mi)
Number of tracksDouble track (Yongsan–Dongducheon)
Single track
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Electrification25 kV/60 Hz AC Catenary
(Yongsan–Yeoncheon)
Route map

Legend
Gyeongbu Line(to Seoul)
←Gyeongui–Jungang Line (to Gajwa)
0.0
 Yongsan
Gyeongbu Line(to Daejeon)
Yongsan Triple Line
1.9
 Ichon
3.6
 Seobinggo
5.5
 Hannam
7.1
 Oksu
Sucheolri
8.9
 Eungbong
←Suin–Bundang Line
10.3
 Wangsimni Suin–Bundang Line
Cheonggyecheon
Seongsu Line
12.7
 Cheongnyangni Suin–Bundang Line Gyeongchun Line
14.1
 Hoegi Gyeongchun Line
←Jungang Line(to Mangu)
14.9
 Hankuk Univ. of Foreign Studies
←Mangu Line (to Mangu)
15.7
 Sinimun
Imun Rail Yard
former Gyeongchun Line(to Seongdong)
ui stream
17.1
 Seokgye
18.2
 Kwangwoon Univ. Gyeongchun Line
former Gyeongchun Line(to Toegyewon)
19.3
 Wolgye
20.7
 Nokcheon
21.7
 Chang-dong
Banghak connecting line (closed)
23.4
 Banghak
24.7
 Dobong
25.9
 Dobongsan
↑Seoul/Gyeonggi Province Uijeongbu↓
E 100
28.2
 Mangwolsa
29.6
 Hoeryong
31.2
 Uijeongbu
32.4
 Ganeung
Gyooe Line(to Daegok)
33.7
 Nogyang
↑Uijeongbu/Yangju↓
35.3
 Yangju
37.5
 Majeon Signal Box
40.9
 Deokgye
43.5
 Deokjeong
↑Yangju/Dongducheon↓
49.1
 Jihaeng
50.1
 Dongducheon Jungang
51.5
 Bosan
Dongducheon stream
53.1
 Dongducheon
55.6
 Soyosan
59.7
 Cheongsan
Hantan River
Hantangang
65.2
 Jeongok
73.8
 Yeoncheon
↑Soyosan/Cheorwon↓
77.4
 Sinmang-ri
84.4
 Daegwang-ri
88.8
 Sintan-ri
↑Yeoncheon/Gangwon Province Cheorwon↓
94.4
 Baengmagoji
←Kumgangsan Electric Railway
98.1
 Cheorwon
103.1
 Woljeong-ri
↑ROK/DPRK↓
113.1
 Gagok
to Wonsan
Seoul Subway Line 1
Gyeongui–Jungang Line
Gyeongchun Line
Gyeongwon Line
Hangul
경원선
Hanja
京元線
Revised RomanizationGyeongwonseon
McCune–ReischauerKyŏngwŏnsŏn

The Gyeongwon Line is a railway line serving northeastern Gyeonggi Province in South Korea. The line is operated by Korail. The name of the line came from Gyeongseong (Seoul) and Wonsan, the original terminus of the line, in what is now North Korea.

History

[edit]

For the original line's history and other information prior to 1945, see Gyeongwon Line (1911–1945)

One of the first construction projects undertaken by the Railway Bureau of the Government General of Korea was for an east−west trunk line to connect Keijō to the important port of Wonsan. The Chosen Government Railway (Sentetsu) opened the line in several stages between 1911 and 1914.[1] The first section of mainline to be electrified by Sentetsu was also along the Gyeongwon Line, with the Pokkye−Gosan section being energised on 27 March 1944,[2] as part of a plan made jointly with the South Manchuria Railway for an electrified railway all the way from Busan to Xinjing, capital of Manchukuo.[3]

After the partition of Korea following the end of the Pacific War in 1945, the Gyeongwon Line was split along the 38th parallel between the stations of Hantangang and Choseongni.[4] The railways in both South and North were nationalised, and the newly-established Korean National Railroad took over operation of the truncated Gyeongwon Line, from Seoul to Choseongni; in the North, the Korean State Railway merged its section of the Gyeongwon Line, Choseong-ri−Wonsan, with the Wonsan−Gowon section of the former Hamgyeong Line to create the Gangwon Line.[4]

The line was severely damaged during the Korean War. After the ceasefire and the subsequent establishment of the Military Demarcation Line, the division of the line changed, with the South gaining control of the line further northwards as far as Woljeongni. However, the line was rebuilt only as far as Sintalli, resulting in an operation line from Yongsan and Sintalli with a length of 88.8 km (55.2 mi).[1]

Following the 1961 coup, the Supreme Council for National Reconstruction started South Korea's first five-year plan, which included a construction program to complete the railway network, to foster economic growth.[5] As part of the program, in the outskirts of Seoul, a 4.9 km (3.0 mi) long avoiding line was built from Kwangwoon University to Mangu on the Jungang Line, called the Mangu Line, which opened on December 30, 1963.[5]

Upgrade

[edit]

The section of the Gyeongwon Line in the Seoul metropolitan area was among the first to be electrified with the 25 kV/60 Hz AC catenary system in South Korea when to allow for through train services with Seoul Subway Line 1. Further sections were electrified and urban services to Line 1 was extended in the 1980s and then in the 2000s:[6]

Section Length Electrified rail operation commenced
Cheongnyangni–Kwangwoon Univ. 5.6 km August 15, 1974
Yongsan–Cheongnyangni 12.6 km December 9, 1978
Seongbuk–Chang-dong 3.6 km April 25, 1985
Chang-dong–Uijeongbu 9.4 km September 2, 1986
Uijeongbu–Ganeung
then Uijeongbu Bukbu		 1.2 km October 5, 1987
Ganeung–Soyosan 23.2 km December 15, 2006
Soyosan-Yeoncheon 20.87 km December 16, 2023

Altogether 55.6 km (34.5 mi) of the line was electrified, and 53.1 km (33.0 mi) was double-tracked.[1]

On September 1, 2010, the South Korean government announced a strategic plan to reduce travel times from Seoul to 95% of the country to under 2 hours by 2020. As part of the plan, the Gyeongwon Line is to be further upgraded until Uijeongbu for 230 km/h and may see KTX service.[7]

In 2012 restoration of the line was completed between Sintan-ri and Baengmagoji.[8]

On December 16, 2023, a single-line railway between Soyosan and Yeoncheon opened on the Seoul Metropolitan Subway Line 1.

Route

[edit]

A yellow background in the "Distance" box indicates that section of the line is not electrified.

Distance
(km) 		Interstation Distance
(km) 		Original Name ● Seoul Subway Line 1 Opened Connections Notes
L R
0.0 0.0 Yongsan
용산 (龍山) 		Only Gyeongui–Jungang Line trains stop here.

Line 1 trains use the Gyeongbu Line to Seoul Station, where it then continues via the Underground Subway Line 1 [ko] to Cheongnyangni.

15 October 1911 Gyeongbu Line
Yongsan Line
● Seoul Subway Line 1
1.9 1.9 Ichon
이촌 (二村) 		9 December 1978 ● Seoul Subway Line 4
3.6 1.7 Seobinggo
서빙고 (西氷庫) 		1 October 1917
7.7 4.1 Sucheolli
수천리 		15 October 1911 Closed 1944
5.5 1.9 Hannam
한남 (漢南) 		1 April 1980
7.1 1.6 Oksu
옥수 (玉水) 		9 September 1978 ● Seoul Subway Line 3
8.9 1.8 Eungbong
응봉 (鷹峰) 		9 September 1978 Formerly Seongsu 성수 (聖水) renamed 10 July 1980
10.4 2.7 Wangsimni
왕십리 (往十里) 		15 October 1911 ● Seoul Subway Line 2
● Seoul Subway Line 5
● Bundang Line
12.7 2.4 Cheongnyangni
청량리 (淸凉里)
●
●
 15 October 1911 Jungang Line
● Seoul Subway Line 1
● Gyeongchun Line
14.1 1.4 Hoegi
회기 (回基)
●
●
 1 April 1980 ● Gyeongchun Line
● Gyeongui–Jungang Line
14.9 0.8 Hankuk Univ. of Foreign Studies
외대앞 (外大앞)
●
●
 15 August 1974 Formerly Hwigyeong 휘경 (徽慶) renamed 1 January 1996
15.7 0.8 Sinimun
신이문 (新里門)
●
●
 5 January 1980
17.1 1.4 Seokgye
석계 (石溪)
●
●
 14 January 1985 ● Seoul Subway Line 6
18.2 5.5 Kwangwoon Univ.
광운대 (光云大)
●
●
 25 July 1939 current and former Gyeongchun Lines Was Yeonchon 연촌 (硯村) until May 3, 1963 where it was renamed to Seongbuk (城北) and renamed to current name February 25, 2013
19.3 1.1 Wolgye
월계 (月溪)
●
｜
 22 August 1985
20.7 1.4 Nokcheon
녹천 (鹿川)
●
｜
 22 August 1985
21.7 1.0 Chang-dong
창동 (倉洞)
●
●
 15 October 1911 ● Seoul Subway Line 4
23.4 1.7 Banghak
방학 (放鶴)
●
｜
 2 September 1986
24.7 1.3 Dobong
도봉 (道峰)
●
｜
 2 September 1986
25.9 1.2 Dobongsan
도봉산 (道峰山)
●
●
 2 September 1986 ● Seoul Subway Line 7 Formerly Nuwon 누원 (樓阮) renamed 1 January 1988
28.2 2.3 Mangwolsa
망월사 (望月寺)
●
｜
 21 June 1966
29.6 1.4 Hoeryong
회룡 (回龍)
●
●
 2 September 1986 ● U Line
31.2 1.6 Uijeongbu
의정부 (議政府)
●
●
 15 October 1911
32.4 1.2 Ganeung
가능 (佳陵)
●
｜
 5 October 1987 Formerly Uijeongbu Bukbu 의정부북부 (議政府北部) renamed 15 December 2006
33.7 3.1 Nogyang
녹양 (綠楊)
●
｜
 15 December 2006
35.3 1.6 Yangju
양주 (楊州)
●
●
 25 December 1948 Formerly Junae 주내 (州內) renamed 28 December 2007
37.5 2.2 Majeon Signal Area
마전신호장 (麻田信号場)
｜
｜
 15 December 2006
40.6 5.3 Deokgye
덕계 (德溪)
●
｜
 15 December 2006
43.5 2.9 Deokjeong
덕정 (德亭)
●
●
 15 October 1911
49.1 5.6 Jihaeng
지행 (紙杏)
●
●
 30 January 2005
50.1 1.0 Dongducheon Jungang
동두천중앙 (東豆川中央)
●
●
 1 February 1955 Was Eosu-dong 어수동 (御水洞) until October 2, 1984 where it was renamed to Dongducheon 동두천 (東豆川) and renamed to current name on December 15, 2006
51.5 1.4 Bosan
보산 (保山)
●
｜
 15 December 2006
53.1 1.6 Dongducheon
동두천 (東豆川)
●
●
 25 July 1912 Dongducheon 동두천 (東豆川) until October 2, 1984 where it was renamed to Dong-an 동안 (東安) and renamed to current name on December 15, 2006
55.5 2.4 Soyosan
소요산 (逍遙山)
●
○
 11 January 1976
61.3 5.8 Cheongsan
청산 (靑山)
●
｜
 10 September 1953 Originally opened 5 October 1950 as a UN munitions facility. Formerly named Choseong-ri until 21 November 2023.
62.7 3.0 Hantangang
한탄강 (漢灘江) 		28 June 1975 In DPRK until 1953. Reopened 1975, permanently closed 21 November 2023.
64.6 3.3 Jeongok
전곡 (全谷)
●
｜
 25 July 1912 In DPRK to 1953
73.3 8.7 Yeoncheon
연천 (漣川)
●
｜
 25 July 1912 In DPRK to 1953
77.3 4.0 Sinmang-ri
신망리 (新望里) 		21 August 1956
84.3 7.0 Daegwang-ri
대광리 (大光里) 		21 October 1912 In DPRK to 1953
88.7 4.4 Sintan-ri
신탄리 (新炭里) 		10 July 1913 In DPRK to 1953
94.3 5.6 Baengmagoji
백마고지 (白馬高地) 		20 November 2012
Section north of Baengmagoji closed
98.1 3.7 Cheorwon
철원 (鉄原) 		21 October 1912 former Geumgangsan Line In DPRK to 1953. Closed.
103.1 5.0 Woljeong-ri
월정리 (月井里) 		10 July 1913 In DPRK to 1953. Closed. Since restored as a museum.
Demilitarized Zone
113.1 10.0 Gagok 가곡 (佳谷) In DPRK. Closed.
Section north of Pyeonggang part of Korean State Railway's Kangwon Line
119.9 6.8 Pyeonggang 평강 (平康) Kangwon Line

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c "경영원칙 > 경영공시 > 영업현황 > 영업거리현황". Korail. Retrieved 2015-09-17.
  2. ^ "『デロイを探せ！（その8）デロイ就役の経緯（年表）』".
  3. ^ "松田新市三菱電機技師の戦中戦後の電気車設計". ktymtskz.my.coocan.jp.
  4. ^ a b Kokubu, Hayato, 将軍様の鉄道 (Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō), ISBN 978-4-10-303731-6
  5. ^ a b "철마 110년, 영고의 자취 [12] 경제개발과 철도" (in Korean). Silvernet News. 2010-03-20. Retrieved 2015-09-17.[permanent dead link]
  6. ^ "Electricity Almanac 2009" (PDF). Korea Electric Association. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-14. Retrieved 2015-09-17.
  7. ^ "Bullet trains coming to a town near you by 2020". JoongAng Daily. 2010-09-02. Retrieved 2010-10-27.
  8. ^ "History". Korea Rail Network Authority. Retrieved 2015-09-17.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Japanese Government Railways (1937), 鉄道停車場一覧. 昭和12年10月1日現在(The List of the Stations as of 1 October 1937), Kawaguchi Printing Company, Tokyo, pp 495–496
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Media related to Gyeongwon Line at Wikimedia Commons

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