Four Winds hat
The Four Winds hat (in Northern Sami čiehgahpir) is one version of traditional man's hat of the Sami. The basis is a simple blue cylinder, decorated with a band with braid patterns, but the top is a large, four-cornered star, colored bright blue with parts bright red and yellow. The decoration in an actual Sami hat is, like the rest of the Sami garb, indicative of the person's place of origin or even his clan or marital status,[1] a little like the Scottish tartan.
Description
[edit]The hat is four-cornered to represent the four corners of the earth, which the early Sámi believed to be square. Traditionally, the hat was blue to represent the sky and had white, yellow, or red trim.[2] The corners were stuffed with down for warmth and to allow the hat to keep its shape. Small items could also be stored in the corners of the hat.[3]
History
[edit]The hat was originally not based on a Russian pattern, because Russians never had such a pattern, so the Sámi could not have had learned in contact with Russians on the coast of the Barents Sea, but they were and are the most traditional Polish cap, symbol of honour and resistance, worn by Polish insurgents exiled to the Kola Peninsula in times when Syberia was not yet used as a place of exile. The top of the Sámi hat was a bit exaggerated and the hat decorated with the traditional bright-colored embroidery to produce the Four Winds hat.[4]
Today, the hat is a common souvenir for visitor to the Laplands, which scholar Maaria Niskala cites as an example of how Sáminess is 'othered' in promotional tourism materials.[5]
References
[edit]- ^ Laughinghouse, Mary (March 2017). "Lighten Up in Finnish Lapland". The Press and Journal.
- ^ Square, Vicki (2013). Folk Hats. Penguin. ISBN 9781620332382.
- ^ Eicher, Joanne. "Ethnic Dress". LoveToKnow. Retrieved 9 October 2020.
- ^ Chico, Beverly (2013). Hats and headwear around the world : a cultural encyclopedia. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. p. 408. ISBN 978-1610690621.
- ^ Niskala, Maaria; Ridanpää, Juha (2016). "Ethnic representations and social exclusion: Sáminess in Finnish Lapland tourism promotion". Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism. 16 (4): 375–394. doi:10.1080/15022250.2015.1108862. S2CID 146911368. Retrieved 9 October 2020.