John Miley

John Miley
Born	25 December 1813
Died	13 December 1895  (aged 81)
Alma mater	Augusta College
Occupation	Theologian, university teacher, Minister
Employer	Drew University
Works	Systematic Theology

John Miley (25 December 1813–13 December 1895) was an American Methodist Episcopal minister and theologian, who was one of the major Methodist theological voices of the 19th century.

Biography

Early life

Miley was born the 25 December 1813 on a farm near Hamilton, Butler County, Ohio. Miley graduated from Augusta College where he received A.B. in 1834 and an A.M. in 1837. During his college life he was influenced by three professors Joseph Tomlinson, Joseph Trimble, and Henry Bascom.

Career

In 1838, Miley entered the church's ministry through the Ohio Conference. From 1838 to 1852, he served different churches in Ohio. In 1852 he transferred to the New York East Conference. In 1866 he transferred to the New York Conference. In 1859, the Ohio Wesleyan University conferred an honorary Doctor of Divinity degree on him.

From 1852 to 1873, he served churches in New York and Connecticut. As a Methodist pastor, he had held nineteen different pastoral appointments. In 1872, he joined a commission organized by the general conference to develop a code of ecclesiastical law for the Methodist Episcopal Church.

Beginning in 1873, he served as chair of systematic theology at Drew University in Madison, NJ, after his brother-in-law, Randolph Sinks Foster, left the seat to become a bishop. Miley was one of "the Great Five" revered professors who led Drew for decades, along with Henry Anson Buttz, George Crooks, James Strong, and Samuel F. Upham.

He was the author of Systematic Theology (1892), a two-volume work which served as a key text for Methodist seminarians for nearly thirty years. He also authored The Atonement in Christ (1879), in which he demonstrated what he believed were severe Biblical and theological problems with commonly held theories on the doctrine of the atonement of Christ such as the penal substitution and the moral example.

Theology

Miley was a systematic theologian in the Wesleyan tradition. He had Arminian soteriological views. He developed a strong governmental theory of atonement based theology heavily reliant on the work of Hugo Grotius. Thus, for him, the atonement of Christ is a satisfaction for sins by substitution, but not a satisfaction by penal substitution. The atonement of Christ is universal, but the forgiveness of sins is conditional to the faith. Moreover, the substitution of Christ is in suffering, not in penalty.

Death

Miley died the 13 December 1895.

Works

• Miley, John (1851). Treatise on class meetings. Cincinnati: Printed at the Methodist concern for the author.
• Miley, John (1866). Francis Asbury. New York: Harper & Brothers.
• Miley, John (1879). The Atonement in Christ. New York: Eaton & Mains.
• Miley, John (1892). Systematic theology. Vol. 1. New York: Eaton & Mains.
• Miley, John (1892). Systematic theology. Vol. 2. New York: Eaton & Mains.

Notes and references

Sources

• Allen, David (2016). The Extent of the Atonement: A Historical and Critical Review. Nashville: B&H Academic.
• Lewis, Edwin (1942). "John Miley". The Teachers of Drew, 1867-942, A Commemorative Volume issued on the occasion of the 75th Anniversary of the Founding of Drew Theological Seminary, October 15, 1942. Madison, NJ: Drew University.
• Olson, Roger E. (2009). Arminian Theology: Myths and Realities. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press.
• Olson, Roger E. (2010). "Arminian teaching regarding original sin". Roger E. Olson: My evangelical, Arminian theological musings. Patheos. Retrieved 2020-08-13.
• Tooley, W. Andrew (2013). Reinventing Redemption: The Methodist Doctrine of Atonement in Britain and America in the Long Nineteenth Century (PDF) (Phd thesis). Stirling: University of Stirling.
• Yrigoyen, Charles (1999). "Miley, John (1813-1895), clergyman and theologian in the Methodist Episcopal church". American national biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0801986.
• Yrigoyen, Charles (2013). "Miley, John". Historical Dictionary of Methodism. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press.

Further reading

• Colonna, M. S. (1992). "Miley and Raymond, theologians of American Methodism". The theologians of Methodism. Salem, OH: Schmul Publishing.
• Gootblatt, George (1978). John Miley and the status of science at Drew Theological Seminary, 1868-1895 (MALS thesis). Drew University.
• Heard, C. M. (1900). Synopsis of Miley's Systematic theology, vols. I and II. Minneapolis, MN: Conference Examiner.
• Hvidding, Paul Gerhardt (1950). A study of two early theologians at Drew Theological Seminary : Randolph S. Foster and John Miley (B.D. thesis). Western Evangelical Seminary.